Mecanim研究之Teddy Bazooka
在这个Teddy熊火箭炮场景中要实现的目标是：
- 方向键控制Player运动
- 按Fire2键Player拿起武器或卸下武器
- 按Fire1键火箭炮发射炮弹，若击中Teddy，则Teddy倒地毙命
##创建场景
复制Assets/_Scenes目录下的场景MyCrowd，并重命名为MyBazooka
在Hierarchy视图中选中Player对象，移除Character Controller组件和Animator Move脚本；选中Environment对象，移除脚本PlayerGenerator.cs；选中Teddy对象，移除脚本CrowdMovement.cs
为Player对象添加动画控制器：在Project视图的Assets/_Animators目录下将MyCrowdAC复制一份，重命名为MyWeaponAC，并将其拖动到Player对象上
##编辑动画控制器
双击MyWeaponAC进入Animator编辑器，勾选Base Layer上的IK Pass选项。新建一个动画层HandIK。勾选HandIK上的IK Pass选项，用以在此动画层上实现角色抬火箭炮时双手抬起的动作
设置完成后，此时两个动画层均支持IK
在Animator编辑器中修改参数如下：
- Jump和Dive两个变量是无用变量，可以删除
在Hierarchy视图中移除对象Dude，为Teddy对象添加一个Capsule Collider组件，属性如下：
为Teddy添加动画控制器：把Project视图下Assets/_Animators目录下的MyCrowdAC复制一份，重命名为MyBearAC，拖动到对象Teddy上
在Animator编辑器中修改MyBearAC的参数如下：
- 其中Dying和Reviving为Assets目录中搜索再拖动到动画状态机中
- Any State到Dying的Transition为Dying为true
- 由状态Dying过渡到Reviving和由Reviving过渡到Idel的Transition均为默认
##Teddy对象随机运动的控制
在Assets/_Scripts目录下新建一个目录Weapon，在该目录下新建一个脚本MyBear.cs，并绑定到Teddy对象上，脚本如下：
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
public class MyBear : MonoBehaviour {
public float AvatarRange = 25;
private Animator avatar;
private float SpeedDampTime = .25f;
private float DirectionDampTime = .25f;
private Vector3 TargetPosition = new Vector3 (0, 0, 0);
// Use this for initialization
void Start () {
avatar = GetComponent<Animator> ();
}
// Update is called once per frame
void Update () {
if(avatar == null) return;
int r = Random.Range(0, 50);
avatar.SetBool("Jump", r == 20);
avatar.SetBool("Dive", r == 30);
if(Vector3.Distance(TargetPosition, avatar.rootPosition) > 5) {
avatar.SetFloat("Speed", 1, SpeedDampTime, Time.deltaTime);
Vector3 curentDir = avatar.rootRotation * Vector3.forward;
Vector3 wantedDir = (TargetPosition - avatar.rootPosition).normalized;
if(Vector3.Dot(curentDir,wantedDir) > 0)
avatar.SetFloat("Direction",
Vector3.Cross(curentDir,wantedDir).y,
DirectionDampTime, Time.deltaTime);
else
avatar.SetFloat("Direction",
Vector3.Cross(curentDir,wantedDir).y > 0 ? 1 : -1,
DirectionDampTime, Time.deltaTime);
} else {
avatar.SetFloat("Speed", 0, SpeedDampTime, Time.deltaTime);
if(avatar.GetFloat("Speed") < 0.01f)
TargetPosition = new Vector3(
Random.Range(-AvatarRange,AvatarRange), 0,
Random.Range(-AvatarRange,AvatarRange));
}
var nextStage = avatar.GetNextAnimatorStateInfo (0);
if (nextStage.IsName ("Base Layer.Dying")) {
avatar.SetBool ("Dying", false);
}
}
void OnCollisionEnter (Collision collision) {
if (avatar != null) {
AnimatorStateInfo currentState = avatar.GetCurrentAnimatorStateInfo(0);
AnimatorStateInfo nextState = avatar.GetNextAnimatorStateInfo(0);
if (!currentState.IsName("Base Layer.Dying") &&
!nextState.IsName("Base Layer.Dying")) {
avatar.SetBool ("Dying", true);
}
}
}
}
##抬防火箭炮的控制
在Project视图的Assets/_Script/Weapon目录下新建一个脚本MyBazooka.cs，并绑定到Player对象上，脚本如下：
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
public class MyBazooka : MonoBehaviour {
public GameObject targetA = null;
public Transform leftHandPos = null;
public Transform rightHandPos = null;
public GameObject bazoo = null;
public GameObject bullet = null;
public Transform spawn = null;
private Animator animator;
private bool load = false;
// Use this for initialization
void Start () {
animator = GetComponent<Animator> ();
}
// Update is called once per frame
void Update () {
if (animator == null)
return;
animator.SetFloat ("Aim", load ? 1 : 0, .1f, Time.deltaTime);
float aim = animator.GetFloat ("Aim");
if (Input.GetButton ("Fire2")) {
if (load && aim > 0.99) {
load = false;
} else if (!load && aim < 0.01) {
load = true;
}
}
}
void OnAnimatorIK (int layerIndex) {
float aim = animator.GetFloat ("Aim");
if (layerIndex == 0) {
if (targetA != null) {
Vector3 target = targetA.transform.position;
target.y = target.y + 0.2f * (target - animator.rootPosition).magnitude;
animator.SetLookAtPosition (target);
animator.SetLookAtWeight (aim, 0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f, 0.5f);
if (bazoo != null) {
Vector3 pos = new Vector3 (0.195f, -0.0557f, -0.155f);
Vector3 scale = new Vector3 (0.2f, 0.8f, 0.2f);
scale = scale * aim;
bazoo.transform.localScale = scale;
bazoo.transform.localPosition = pos;
}
}
}
if (layerIndex == 1) {
if (leftHandPos != null) {
animator.SetIKPosition (AvatarIKGoal.LeftHand, leftHandPos.position);
animator.SetIKRotation (AvatarIKGoal.LeftHand, leftHandPos.rotation);
animator.SetIKPositionWeight (AvatarIKGoal.LeftHand, aim);
animator.SetIKRotationWeight (AvatarIKGoal.LeftHand, aim);
}
if (rightHandPos != null) {
animator.SetIKPosition (AvatarIKGoal.RightHand, rightHandPos.position);
animator.SetIKRotation (AvatarIKGoal.RightHand, rightHandPos.rotation);
animator.SetIKPositionWeight (AvatarIKGoal.RightHand, aim);
animator.SetIKRotationWeight (AvatarIKGoal.RightHand, aim);
}
}
}
void OnGUI () {
GUILayout.Label("按Fire1键发射炮弹");
GUILayout.Label("按Fire2键抬起或放下火箭炮");
}
}
在Hierarchy视图中新建一个Cylinder对象，重命名为Bazoo，将其拖动到Player对象的子对象joint_Head下面，使之成为后者的子对象。设置其Position值(0.2,-0.06,-0.15)，Rotation的值为(0,180,100)，scale的值为(0.2,0.8,0.2)。设置其Mesh Renderer的Material为mat_metalCorrugated_var03
选中Bazoo，创三个空子对象，分别命名为LeftHandle、RightHandle和Spawn
LeftHandle设置如下
Position(-0.57,0,-0.65)
Rotation(0,90,-90)
Scale(0.01,0.01,0.01)
RightHandle设置如下
Position(-0.57,0,0.65)
Rotation(0,90,90)
Scale(0.01,0.01,0.01)
Spawn设置如下
Position(0.0,1.05,0)
Rotation(-90,0,0)
Scale(0.01,0.01,0.01)
在Hierarchy视图中新建一个Sphere对象，重命名为Bullet，设置其Transform组件的Position为(0,-2.2,0)，Rotation为(0,0,0)，Scale为(0.2,0.2,0.2)。为其添加一个Sphere Collider组件，设置其Radius的值为0.5，其他默认，添加一个Rigidbody组件，设置其Mass为0.1，其他默认。最后，从Project视图下搜索材质propHurdle_DEF，赋给Bullet的Mesh Renderer组件的Material属性
为MyBazooka脚本赋值，结果如下：
##射击的控制
打开脚本MyBazooka.cs，在Update末尾加上如下代码：
void Update () {
···
float fire = animator.GetFloat ("Fire");
if (Input.GetButton ("Fire1") && fire < 0.01 && aim > 0.99) {
animator.SetFloat ("Fire", 1);
if (bullet != null && spawn != null) {
GameObject newBullet = Instantiate (bullet,
spawn.transform.position,
Quaternion.Euler (0, 0, 0)) as GameObject;
Rigidbody rb = newBullet.GetComponent<Rigidbody> ();
if (rb != null) {
rb.velocity = spawn.transform.TransformDirection (
Vector3.forward * 20);
}
}
} else {
animator.SetFloat ("Fire", 0, 0.1f, Time.deltaTime);
}
}
火箭炮发射后由于反作用力会移一段距离,修改OnAnimatorIK中Base Lyaer的处理代码
if (layerIndex == 0) {
if (targetA != null) {
Vector3 target = targetA.transform.position;
target.y = target.y + 0.2f * (target -
animator.rootPosition).magnitude;
animator.SetLookAtPosition (target);
animator.SetLookAtWeight (aim, 0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f, 0.5f);
if (bazoo != null) {
float fire = animator.GetFloat ("Fire");
Vector3 pos = new Vector3 (0.195f, -0.0557f, -0.155f);
Vector3 scale = new Vector3 (0.2f, 0.8f, 0.2f);
pos.x -= fire * 0.2f;
scale = scale * aim;
bazoo.transform.localScale = scale;
bazoo.transform.localPosition = pos;
}
}
}
运行游戏，击中Teddy后，Teddy倒地毙命，然后自动复活：
##实际运行效果
运行WebGL版本
